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consistent CCH practice and individual
According to Hue (2009), a proficient
personality traits. These studies encompassed
calligrapher and academic, the engagement in
two distinct groups: young participants and
calligraphy necessitates continuous
specialist practitioners.
mindfulness throughout various stages of the
The first study, involving young
writing process. From smoothing the rice paper
subjects aged 12 to 25, categorized participants
to drizzling water on the ink stone, grinding the
based on their calligraphy proficiency. Nine
ink stick, and loosening and holding the brush,
personality characteristics exhibited
each step demands a heightened awareness.
substantial variations between the two CCH
Furthermore, calligraphy practitioners are
proficiency groups. Kao H et al reported that
guided through breathing exercises,
individuals with higher calligraphy proficiency
facilitating deliberate and unhurried
demonstrated enhanced personality qualities,
brushstrokes during the writing process.
including intelligence, emotional maturity,
Hue (2009:68) contends that Chinese
sobriety, conscientiousness, shyness,
calligraphy serves as a mental exercise that
practicality, self-sufficiency, discipline, and
cultivates tranquility by emphasizing
humility.
"presentism" directing the writer's thoughts to
In the second study, volunteers from the
the "here and now". Echoing sentiments shared
Beijing Calligraphy Association aged 35 to
by numerous scholars, he acknowledges the
over 60 were randomly selected and grouped
spiritual dimensions inherent in CCH,
based on the duration of their CCH practice.
portraying calligraphy as a spiritual practice
Significant differences were observed between
that nurtures the development and expression
Group 1, those with the least experience in
of an individual's inner self.
CCH practice, and the other three groups
Engaging with brush, ink, and paper
across 11 parameters. More experienced
during calligraphy, as described by Hue
groups exhibited traits such as emotional
(2009:68), enables a heightened sense of qi
stability, sobriety, conscientiousness,
energy, fostering a harmonious relationship
trustworthiness, astuteness, experimentation,
between one's inner self, the essence of the
self-sufficiency, controlled-ness, relaxation,
heart and mind, and the surrounding world. In
and high learning capacity. Conversely,
essence, Chinese calligraphy not only serves as
individuals in Group 1 displayed tendencies
a tangible art form but also becomes a conduit
toward impulsiveness, conventionality, and
for mindfulness, promoting self-awareness,
anxiety.
spiritual growth, and an intimate connection
Concluding the two studies, Kao H et al
with the present moment.
advocated that CCH training contributes to
CCH and Personality
shaping the personality traits of practitioners,
In addition to the previously discussed
with extended practice correlating to positive
benefits, recent studies conducted by Henry
changes in personality. These findings affirm
Kao, Min Xu, and Tin Tin Kao (2021) have
the expectation that the cognitive, physical,
illuminated a significant connection between
emotional, and bio-emotional changes induced

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